Of all the methods available to Chinese medicine this is considered to be the most important aspect. In a Han dynasty work it is stated, 'It is most important to nourish the spirit, it is of secondary importance to nourish the body. The spirit should be pure and tranquil, the bones should be stable. This is the foundation of long life.'

Breathing relaxation

This exercise is a simple method of breathing in a relaxed manner and using the whole of the lungs. It is known as abdominal or diaphragmatic breathing and is associated with relaxation.

When we are tense, we breathe using our upper chest. Bringing the breath down into the abdomen makes our breathing more efficient and releases deeply held tensions.

Either sit upright with a relaxed back or lie down in a comfortable and warm place. Gently close your eyes or have them slightly open and softly focused a short distance in front of you.

As you breathe in, let your abdomen expand and your chest remain still. In this way, the diaphragm moves down, the lungs expand and air is drawn into them.

As you breathe out, let your abdomen move in so that air is expelled from your lungs.

You may find it helpful to have a hand on your upper chest and abdomen.

This is useful as you begin, to help you keep the chest stable and for breathing to take place in the abdomen.

Later on, as it becomes more natural you will find you can merely have your hands relaxed in your lap or resting by your side.